Harmony #50: Upon This Rock (Matthew 16:13-19; Mark 8:27-30; Luke 9:18-21)

Then Jesus and his disciples went to the villages of Caesarea Philippi. On the way, when Jesus was praying by himself, and his disciples were nearby, he asked them, “Who do the crowds say that I, the Son of Man, am?” They answered, “John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others that one of the prophets of long ago has risen.”

  He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?” Simon Peter answered, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”[1]And Jesus answered him, “You are blessed, Simon son of Jonah, because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but my Father in heaven!

 And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overpower it. I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Whatever you bind on earth will have been bound in heaven, and whatever you release on earth will have been released in heaven.”

There are three leading interpretations of this play on words:[2]

·      Jesus Himself is the rock, as Peter later testifies (1 Pet. 2:5–8). But in this passage, Jesus describes Himself as the builder of the church on the rock, so that’s likely not the meaning here.

·      Peter’s confession that Jesus is “the Christ” is the rock upon which the church is built. In this reading, a confession of faith in Jesus is the foundation on which everything else is built.

·      Peter himself is the rock in that he is a representative apostle whose confession of Christ has been revealed to him by the Father. Peter acknowledged Jesus not by his name, but by his title: The Christ. In this reading, Jesus’ response is not just a statement of the obvious, but includes some type of title/role acknowledgment. Peter later writes (1 Pet. 2:4–8) that all believers have become “living stones” by virtue of their association with Christ, with the apostles as the foundation (Eph. 2:20, 21; Rev. 21:14). 

I believe this “rock” is most likely the confession of faith, the acknowledgment of the Lordship of Jesus. The church is built  on belief/trust/faith in Christ. But it could be that Peter is the first of many “living stones.” Maybe they both go together. The main point is that Jesus has validated that God’s church will be built on a confession of faith, whether it’s the belief, the people who hold it, or both.[3]  

The gates of Hades will not prevail against it (the church)

Hades was a common ancient expression for the realm of the dead across cultures, including Jewish culture (Job 38:17; Isaiah 38:10). In Acts, it is portrayed as is the temporary abode of the dead (Acts 2:27). In Revelation 1, Jesus is described as having the keys to Death and Hades. In Revelation 20, “Death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them…then Death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire.” So they will not prevail. They will not survive. Their judgment is sure. Meanwhile, the “gates” will not prevail against a church that confesses Jesus as Savior and Lord.

Gates are the decision-making place in the city. The plans of evil will not destroy the church or its mission. Gates are defensive. Those gates will fall. The church is meant to proactively take the power of the gospel to the very heart of evil. The power of the Gospel will break through.

I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Whatever you bind on earth will have been bound in heaven, and whatever you release on earth will have been released in heaven.

This is in sharp contrast to what Jesus told the Pharisees,

“But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you shut the kingdom of heaven in people’s faces. For you neither enter yourselves nor allow those who would enter to go in” (Matthew 23:13).

I think there is more than one implication from this.

1. The key that opens the Kingdom of Heaven is the Gospel

“When the Jews made a man a doctor of the law, they put into his hand the key of the closet in the temple where the sacred books were kept, and also tablets to write upon; signifying, by this, that they gave him authority to teach, and to explain the Scriptures to the people.” (Adam Clarke)

We see this in the life of Peter. He is the first apostle to preach the message of the kingdom to:

·      the Jews at Pentecost (Acts 2); about three thousand Jewish people are saved that day.

·      to the Samaritans (Acts 8) who believed the gospel and received the Holy Spirit.

·      to the Gentiles (Acts 10), Roman centurion’s household, who also received the Holy Spirit.

Matt. 18:18 notes that the same promise is given to them all, but Peter seems to have a unique role in starting this global spread of the gospel.

2. Those entrusted with the key are entrusted with authority (“binding and loosing”) to implement what has already been established in heaven.

The expressions bind and loose were common in Jewish temple language that meant something was either forbidden or allowed. Josephus said of the Pharisees in the time of Queen Alexandra: "They were the real administrators of the public affairs; they removed and readmitted whom they pleased; they bound and loosed [things] at their pleasure."[4] This included establishing sacred days, admitting or removing people from the Temple community, and identifying which offerings were acceptable.

The expression was common; for example, it was not unusual to hear a disagreement between rabbinical schools recorded this way: “The school of Shammai binds it, the school of Hillel looseth it.”[5] The idea was that certain things done on earth – if they were done in line with the order of God - was at the same time done in heaven. For example, when the priest on the Day of Atonement offered the two goats upon earth, they believed the same were offered in heaven; when priests cast the lots on earth, a priest also casts the lots in heaven.[6]

We see this principle of binding and loosing in this way throughout the New Testament:

·      As the disciples’ rabbi, Jesus had already done this binding and loosing for His own disciples (for example, when He allowed them to take the grains of wheat in the field[7], or when he healed on the Sabbath[8]).

·      Jesus tasked all the disciples with preaching the gospel and discerning God’s will (for example, calling all foods clean[9], or doing away with circumcision as a rite of initiation for men[10]).

·      When “the apostles and the elders” came together in Jerusalem to consider the conditions on which Gentile believers might be recognized as fellow members of the church, their decision was issued as something which “seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us” (Acts 15:28).

Meanwhile, note: whatever the apostles bound or loosed on earth must have already been bound or loosed in heaven. They weren’t supposed to just be making stuff up or running with tradition or a gut feeling. It had to be biblically sound and Holy Spirit led (and we see the importance of a community leading in this kind of decision).

“Heaven, not the apostles, initiates all binding and loosing, while the apostles announce these things.”[11]

So, one way they did this was by helping the church understand how to apply Scripture or scriptural principles. We’ve already looked at a couple examples. Another way involved managing disputes or handling discipline within the church, both cases where it is important that truth is established.  Paul talked about a judgment (a verdict) pronounced by the church of Corinth in which “I am with you in spirit, and the power of our Lord Jesus is present” (1 Corinthians 5:3–5). We read a more clear scenario in Matthew 18:15-20.

Go and show him his fault when the two of you are alone. If he listens to you and repents, you have regained your brother. But if he does not listen, take one or two others with you, so that at the testimony of two or three witnesses every matter may be established. If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. If he refuses to listen to the church, treat him like a Gentile or a tax collector.

 I tell you the truth, whatever you bind on earth will have been bound in heaven, and whatever you release on earth will have been released in heaven. Again, I tell you the truth, if two of you on earth agree about whatever you ask, my Father in heaven will do it for you. For where two or three are assembled in my name, I am there among them.”

William Kelly writes,

“Whenever the Church acts in the name of the Lord and really does His will, the stamp of God is upon their deeds.”[12]

3. When heaven is opened, the resources of the Kingdom are available.

In an old Greek comedy, a speech mentioned somebody having “the keys of the market,” which meant they had the free use of authority to buy and eat whatever meat was sold in it.[13]  If we apply that context to this passage, having the key to the Kingdom seems to include giving us access to divinely authorized heavenly resources.

What are they? The truth of the Scripture to guide us; the gifts and fruits of the Spirit that come with the indwelling of the Holy Spirit; ongoing transformation into the image of Jesus; the nourishment of church community; the increasing shalom of God (peace with God, with others, within ourselves, with God’s creation). The list could go on….

* * * * * *

What does this mean to us today?

·      Jesus builds His church on the cornerstone of Jesus[14] and the testimony of those who confess that Jesus is Lord and commit their lives to following Him into salvation and transformation. Jesus is the Good Shepherd of those in the Kingdom and the Door into the Kingdom. All are welcome to enter in the physical front doors of this building and join our congregational church life. I hope people near and far from Jesus and anywhere inbetween experience the love of Jesus from us when they visit or become a part of the life of this community. But walking into our front door is not the same as walking into the Kingdom of God. Our front door ushers you into our physical community; only Jesus ushers you into the eternal life of the Kingdom that begins now and never ends.

·      We enter into a Kingdom that even Death and Hell cannot stop. This is not a promise that we won’t suffer or even die for the sake of Christ, or that our lives will never be impacted by the presence of evil in the world. It’s a reminder that the agenda of Heaven will defeat the agenda of Hell. Good will have the last word, not evil. The end of the story is that God wins. This is part of the hope of the gospel. God will set things right. We might not understand God’s timing, or why each chapter unfolds the way it does, but we know the end to the story.

·      Jesus is the Door to the Kingdom, but He has given us a key to ‘open the door’ to the kingdom for others by our presentation of the gospel through our words and our lives. We can’t do the Holy Spirit work of drawing people to Jesus, but we can present Him by sharing the gospel and by living lives that show the transformative power of God in our lives. Just like John the Baptist, “prepared the way”[15] for Jesus, we can prepare the way for the message of the Gospel in word and deed. On the other hand, we can speak and live in such a way that people don’t want to open that door. We have to be careful. Having the ‘keys’ is a wonderful and daunting responsibility.

·      Re: “binding and loosing” - We are meant to live out the reality of “on earth as it is in heaven.’ If we put boundaries and guidelines around what it means to be a follower of Jesus, it better reflect what God intended to convey through Scripture and how God intended us to apply it through the help of the Holy Spirit. If we speak to the freedoms we Christians have in Christ, they better be the freedoms God intended to convey in Scripture applied how God intended with the help of the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. We must be very careful the minute we step outside of an obvious teaching in Scripture and attempt to apply it to life.

·      God’s resources are for our good and God’s glory. The effectual work of Jesus’ death and resurrection is a real thing that a) makes peace between us and God and b) empowers genuine peace with others. The fruit and gifts of having the Holy Spirit indwell us are real things that not only build us but build those around us. Connection in a spiritually healthy church community offers tangible experiences of the ‘the hands and feet of Jesus.’ I believe God wants us to flourish as His image bearers, as His ambassadors, as His children. He has given us what we need to do so.

______________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Caesarea Philippi was the center of worship for a number of pagan gods such as Baal and Pan. There is pointed contrast here: Jesus is the Son of the God who is alive, unlike the pagan gods. 

[2] Thanks for this handy summary, ESV Reformation Study Bible!

[3] Ephesians 2:19 to 22:“Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellow citizens with the saints, and of the household of God, and are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ Himself being the chief corner stone. In whom all the building fitly framed together grows unto a holy temple in the Lord; in whom ye also are built together for an habitation of God through the Spirit.”

[4] “Authority, Rabbinical” in the Jewish Encyclopledia

[5] Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

[6] Adam Clarke

[7] Matthew 12:1-8

[8] Mark 3:1-6

[9] Acts 10

[10] Acts 15

[11] Believer’s Bible Commentary

[12] Believer’s Bible Commentary

[13] Bengal’s Gnomen

[14] 1 Corinthians 3:11

[15] Matthew 3:3

The Dragon And The Woman (Revelation 12)

Close to the end of the 1st century, John received a vision that gave the readers hope in the midst of suffering while pointing toward the end of history. Here’s the CliffNotes version.

• The historical setting is conflict in the last days, which is simply they time between the first and second coming of Jesus. Front and center for John’s audience were the fearsome power and seductive allure of the Rome (Babylon/Egypt) and its (assumed or believed to be) divine emperors.

• The values of empires like Rome/Babylon are beastly rather than divine. The god-like rulers are only pretenders to the throne.

• Revelation begins with, “This is the revelation of Jesus the Anointed,” and ends with, “the grace of the Lord Jesus be with God’s people. Revelation is about Jesus above all else as the source of our hope.

• Only God is worthy to receive worship, so check your allegiance – which will “mark” you as a follower of the Conquering Lamb or the devouring Dragon.

• Faithfulness will cost you; God will be with you, and indescribable goodness and beauty of an eternity with God awaits the faithful.

So far, we have covered 7 letters that addressed threats coming from inside and outside the church; 7 seals that revealed the forces of evil unleashed against first believers and then the world in general; and 7 trumpets that heralded God's judgment on hardened humanity modeled after the god-toppling plagues of Egypt, with the hope of repentance.

In all of this, the souls of God’s people are kept safe, even when their bodies were not. It’s the history of the church. None of these things can separate God’s true people from His love or their eternal reward. And one day, there will be a final reckoning as the cycle ends in this life and world and we move into our existence in the next.

Ch. 12 begins the second half of Revelation. As always, it’s going to be thick with ‘hyperlinks’ to Old Testament references, which is our primary tool for understanding this text (along with extra-biblical Jewish literature and culture events that formed John’s audience).

• 12:1 Genesis 37:9-11

• 12:2 Isaiah 26:17; 66:7; Micah 4:9-10

• 12:3 Isaiah 27:1; Daniel 7:7, 20, 24

• 12:4 Daniel 8:10

• 12:5 Psalm 2:8-9; Isaiah 66:7

• 12:7 Daniel 10:13, 21; 12:1

• 12:9 Genesis 3:1; Job 1:6; 2:1; Zechariah 3:1 12:10 Job 1:9-11; 2:4-5; Zechariah 3:1

• 12:14 Exodus 19:4; Deuteronomy 32:11; Isaiah 40:31: Daniel 7:25; 12:7; Hosea 2:14-15

• 12:15 Hosea 15:10 12:17 Genesis 3:15

* * * * *

12:1-5(ish)

As I looked, a great sign appeared in heaven: a woman came into view clothed in the radiance of the sun, standing with the moon under her feet, and she was crowned with a wreath of twelve stars on her head. She was painfully pregnant and was crying out in the agony of labor… She gave birth to a male child, who is destined to rule the nations with an iron scepter

The Woman

John clearly says this is a sign, a symbol pointing toward something else, just like the other women in Revelation. So, what is this symbol pointing toward? Some people favor the woman being Eve because of this reference:

“I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring; he shall bruise (crush) your head, and you shall bruise his heel” (Gen 3:15).

There will be war between the lineage of Eve (the mother of Life) and the serpent (the father of chaos). That is the story of the Bible. Revelation12 has a woman, the Serpent (Satan), and their offspring at war. There is clearly a correlation.

But… in the Old Testament, Israel is constantly pictured as the wife of God (Is. 54:5, 6; Jer. 3:6–8; 31:32; Ezek. 16:32; Hos. 2:16), a mother giving birth (Is. 26:17, 18; 54:1; 66:7–12; Hos. 13:13; Mic. 4:10; 5:2, 3; Matt. 24:8) or as the mother of the leader who embodied Israel’s restoration (Isa 9:6; Mic 5:2- 3). So is Zion (Isa. 54:1–3; 61:9–10; 65:9, 23; 66:10, 22.) This mother had agonized and suffered for centuries, longing for the Messiah to come and destroy Satan, sin, and death, and usher in the kingdom. ,

There’s Mary too, of course. A very real child who “rules the nations with a rod of iron” is a clear reference to Jesus (Psalm 2). But the details that follow after the birth don't match the timeline of Mary’s life, the Bible never describes her as ‘travailing in childbirth,’ and the upcoming reference to the woman’s children is clearly more than just Mary and Joseph’s biological kids.

This is ‘lineage of Jesus’ symbolism, “seed” language if you will. The descendent of the promise will crush the serpent. So, from what women is the serpent-crusher descended: Eve? Israel? Zion? Mary? Because it’s a sign, I lean toward this woman in Revelation 12 being the true Israel, the true children of Abraham who are the true people of God, through whom both Jesus and the church are birthed. And in the end, the child is the point, so let’s not get too hung up on who the woman is ☺

* * * * *

Then a second sign appeared in heaven, ominous, foreboding: a great red dragon, with seven crowned heads and ten horns. The dragon’s tail brushed one-third of the stars from the sky and hurled them down to the earth. The dragon crouched in front of the laboring woman, waiting to devour her child the moment it was born.

Before the dragon could bite and devour her son, the child was whisked away and brought to God and His throne. The woman fled into the wilderness, where God had prepared a place of refuge and safety where she could find sustenance for 1,260 days.

A battle broke out in heaven. Michael, along with his heavenly messengers, clashed against the dragon. The dragon and his messengers returned the fight, but they did not prevail and were defeated. As a result, there was no place left for them in heaven. So the great dragon, that ancient serpent who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world, was cast down to the earth along with his messengers.

The Dragon (drakon)

1. Recalls OT descriptions of the sea monster Leviathan, representing chaos and God’s enemies (Ps 74:13–14; Isa 27:1; Ezek 29:3)

2. In Isaiah, God promised the suffering, pregnant Israel that she would bear new life in the time of the resurrection (Isa 26:17 – 19) when God would slay the serpent (Isa 26:20 — 27:1).

3. Isaiah 27:1, referring to the future Day of the LORD. “In that day the LORD with his hard and great and strong sword will punish Leviathan (livyathan; drakōn) the fleeing serpent (nachash ), Leviathan (livyathan; drakōn) the twisting serpent (nachash), and he will slay the dragon(tannin; drakōn) that is in the sea.”

4. Remember the tie-in to the Exodus motif? “Take your staff and cast it down before Pharaoh, that it may become a drakōn” (Ex 7:9). It’s Egypt in Psalm 74:13-14. “You divided the sea by your might; you broke the heads of the sea monsters (tannin; drakōn) on the waters. You crushed the heads of Leviathan (livyathan; drakōn) you gave him as food for the creatures of the wilderness.”God crushed this monster when he brought his people through the sea (Isa 51:9 – 10).

The dragon is clearly Satan under all names and aliases. He can’t destroy everything (remember our discussion of “a third” language with the trumpets?), but he can wreak havoc either in the heavens (if stars are celestial beings) or on earth (if stars at God’s people), or both.

* * * * *

Then I heard a great voice in heaven. “Now the salvation and the power and the kingdom of our God and the authority of His Anointed One have come. For the accuser of our brothers and sisters, who relentlessly accuses them day and night before our God has been cast down and silenced. By the blood of the Lamb and the word of their witnesses, they have become victorious over him, for they did not hold on to their lives, even under threat of death.

Therefore, rejoice, all you heavens; celebrate, all you who live in them. But disaster will befall the earth and the sea, for the devil has come down to your spheres. And he is incredibly angry because he knows his time is nearly over.

The victory predicted in Genesis is now explained as having happened. Jesus threw down/cast out the Dragon when he was lifted up at the cross-resurrection-ascension (Revelation 12:5). Look at what Jesus said in John 12:30-33:

“ ‘Now is the time for judgment on this world; now the prince of this world will be driven out. And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.’ He said this to show the kind of death he was going to die.”

This is a part of the “now and not yet” dynamic we have discussed before. The fate of Satan (not yet) was assured and inaugurated (now) in the crucifixion and resurrection of Christ (v. 12; John 12:31; Col. 2:15). Satan is now being repeatedly crushed since the death and resurrection of Jesus. His final and complete destruction has not yet happened, but will happen when the Lord returns to establish the New Heaven and Earth.

The present eschatological period between Christ’s two comings is often compared to two decisive events in World War II—D day (a term for the day it happens) and V(ictory) day. D day marked the landing of Allied troops in Europe. This decisive operation guaranteed the final defeat of Germany. The beach has been taken. The war’s outcome has been decided. However, the final surrender of the Axis forces did not occur until almost a year later on V day. The land still needed to be taken.

Think of D day as the first coming of Jesus portrayed in Revelation 12. Christ’s second coming—the V day for the church—remains a future event.

* * * * *

When the dragon realized he had been cast down to the earth, he pursued the mother of the male infant. In order to escape the serpent, she was given the two wings of the great eagle to fly deeper into the wilderness to her own special place where she would find sustenance for a time, and times, and half a time.

Then from his mouth the serpent spewed water like a raging river that chased after the woman, trying to sweep her away in the flood. But the earth came to her rescue. It opened its gaping mouth and swallowed the river that spewed from the dragon’s mouth.

Revelation loves stuff coming out of people’s mouths. With God, it’s a sword (His word). With Satan, it’s chaos words, deception leading to death and persecution. , Scripture poetically depicted the defeat of Israel’s pursuers in the sea as the earth swallowing them (Ex 15:10,12). The targum (Aramaic paraphrase or interpretation of the Hebrew Bible) of Moses’ great Song of the Sea says,

“The sea spoke to the earth, Receive your children: but the earth spoke to the sea, Receive your murderers. And the sea was not willing to overwhelm them, and the earth was not willing to swallow them up. The earth was afraid to receive them, lest they should be required from her in the day of the great judgment in the world to come, even as the blood of Abel will be required of her. Whereupon You, O Lord, did stretch forth your right hand in swearing to the earth that in the world to come they should not be required of her. And the earth opened her mouth and swallowed [the Egyptians].” (Ex 15:12).

It just means God fights for His people in language John’s audience understood.

* * * * *

As a result, the dragon was enraged at the woman and went away to make war on the rest of her children —those who keep the commandments of God and hold fast to the testimony of Jesus.

The offspring are “those who keep the commandments of God and hold to the testimony of Jesus.” So, that’s the true church ☺ The targum (Aramaic paraphrase or interpretation of the Hebrew Bible) of Genesis 3:15 says,

“When the children of the woman keep the commandments of the Law, they will take aim and strike you [the Serpent] on your head ...”

The offspring of Jesus – the true church, the true children of Abraham – participate in serpent-crushing through the power of the blood of the Lamb, their faithful testimony, and their commitments to living in the path of righteousness.

There are times when we read of visible spiritual warfare: Elijah and the prophets of Baal; Moses and Pharaoh; Jesus casting out demons, stories throughout church history of the clash between the power of the Holy Spirit and other spirits. I have seen this with my own eyes and have heard incidents recounted from trustworthy friends.

That is important, but it’s not where John lands for his audience on the primary means of doing spiritual warfare in their time and place. You want to participate in crushing the head of the serpent? Keep the commandments of God and hold fast to the testimony of Jesus.

* * * * *

Two things stand out to me in this section.

First, the Satan's chief role as ‘adversary’ or ‘accuser’ in the Bible, particularly the Old Testament, was directed toward accusing God's people of disobedience to God. The framework in the Old Testament seems to be that in God’s court, the Satan had a role allowed by God. He tested people, then reported to God how they were doing and apparently demanded that justice be meted out. At least some of these accusations were true– why else would Old Covenant sacrifices and Jesus’ eventual death establishing the New Covenant be necessary?

But the crucified Savior provided the required satisfaction of God's justice regarding our sins (1Jn 2:1-2; 4:10). The Satan no longer has a place in the divine courtroom, He has been cast out – and he’s pissed. In his anger, it become quite clear that he was not an impartial adjudicator advocating for justice - he was a hostile accuser bent on unleashing pain and suffering. He comes after us like a dragon. He has lost his voice in heaven, but not on earth. The flood that pours from the dragon’s mouth is his ongoing accusatory hatred poured out into the world. Satan's not tattling to God (fairly or unfairly) anymore - he's whispering self-condemnations and lies to everyone who will listen.

The good news: if you have trusted your life to obedience to and worship of Jesus, you are no longer being accused of your sin before the court of heaven. Instead of an accuser, you have an advocate. Advocates don’t ignore wrongdoing – Jesus doesn't pretend our sin didn’t happen – but He is there to offer Himself as the price that needs to be paid on our behalf.

Second, the Apostle ends his letter to the Romans by saying,

“The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you” (Rom 16:20).

We have been delivered from the penalty of sin (the Accuser’s voice is no longer accusing us in the heavenly court, because our eternal debt has been covered by Jesus). In addition, the chaining power of sin has been broken: that dragon cannot control us as slaves because Jesus has broken that power. However, we will not be free of the presence of sin or the pursuit of the dragon until V day.

As we live between D day and V day, we are called by God to overcome the dragon and his forces by putting on the spiritual armor that he has given us (cf. Eph. 6:10–18) and crushing his power by keeping the commandments of God and holding fast to the testimony of Jesus.

Make Incarnation Your Model

 A little girl, frightened by a storm, had trouble with her parents’ reminder that God was with her.  “I know that God is here, but I need someone in the room who has some skin!” This is, of course, the claim of Christianity. God showed up in skin.

“The Word became flesh and took up residence among us. We observed His glory, the glory as the One and Only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.” (John 1:14) 

“Without question, this is the great mystery of our faith: Christ was revealed in a human body and vindicated by the Spirit. He was seen by angels and announced to the nations. He was believed in throughout the world and taken to heaven in glory.” (1 Timothy 3:16)

 So let’s talk today about incarnation; that is, “giving skin” to the presence of God in a way that carries on the legacy of Christ’s perfect embodiment.  This is why we are here, right? We are icons, image bearers, representatives, temples, the “body” of Christ.[1]  THIS IS WHO WE ARE. And because we are all that, we honor the Incarnate One who came to our world by living as an “incarnate church,”[2] a community humbly following the way of Jesus in everyday life so that we are “someone in the room who has skin” in the midst of life’s storms.  

We won’t do it perfectly; we can’t do it without the Holy Spirit empowering us. But…it’s our calling. It’s what we are made for. What follows can apply, I think to pretty much any situation: your family, friends, coworkers, fellow church members, those to whom we are trying to witness. 

GO

“In your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus: Who, being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage; rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness. And being found in appearance as a man, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to death— even death on a cross!” (Philippians 2: 5-8)

God didn't wait for us to come to Him. He came to us.  We have a Great Commission: we have to go to where others are instead of wait for them to come to us. We often think of ‘going’ in a cross-cultural context. When we go to places not Traverse City, we eat new food, learn new languages, and celebrate with the different neighborhood customs (sometimes we do that right here in TC).  We live in that community in that context. Barring some sense in which we are asked to participate in something sinful, we are there to enter into their world, and that’s good and proper. 

We show people we care by engaging with and caring about them in their world as much as we can without compromise. This happens everywhere: from oversees to our homes, our church, our community.  It’s a universal principle.   

• Want to talk to little kids effectively? Kneel when you speak.

• Want to show your spouse you care? Plan a date he or she wants.  

• Want to connect with your kids? Play music they like too while you are driving; play Hi Ho Cherrio for hours; build a fort out of a box.

• Want to connect with someone who loves to fish, hike, or build stuff? Be ready to fish, hike or build stuff.

• Want to have a good relationship with someone with a different religious or political worldview? Take the time to get to know their ‘mental community.’ 

 Enter their world.  It’s a relationship-building principle that not only honors others, but paves the way for a) genuine friendship and b) the message of the gospel. Once you go, the next step is to know, and this starts by listening.

LISTEN THOROUGHLY

One of the best ways to get to know people is to listen to them – their story, hopes, dreams, fears, even opinions.  Listening is a way of saying, “It’s not all about me. I want to know about you. I want to see who you are. You matter.”  This does not always come easily. Try this checklist:

1)   I make a great effort to understand other people’s experiences.

2)   When people are angry, I can listen without reflecting their anger. 

3)   People freely share with me because they know I listen well.

4)   I learn from nonverbal cues, body language, and tone of voice. 

5)   I am able to show sympathy and empathy.

6)   I ask for clarification about how words are used and what emotion I am sensing rather than filling in the blanks. 

7)   I don’t wait impatiently to make my point or have my turn.

8)   I can file stuff away to think or learn more about rather than feeling like I have to address it right now.

9)   I tend to give people the benefit of the doubt rather than read the worst possibilities into what I don’t understand. 

10) I don’t speak when I should be listening. [3]

Listening well is a key starting point in incarnation. We listen to understand and value the image of God in other people. They have worth simply as people.  

“Being heard is so close to being loved that for the average person, they are almost indistinguishable.” – David Augsburger

 Now… it might be that what you hear is appalling. It might be obnoxious. It might lead you to mutter, “Get thee behind me, Satan!” It might just break your heart. Keep in mind that the LISTENING is not the same as:

• Approving

• Enabling

• Applauding

• Excusing 

Listening is an act of knowing.  And from that knowing, we respond. 

SPEAK CAREFULLY 

Once you have listened, there are some ways to respond that, once again, a) honor the image bearer, b) hopefully build relationship, and c) build a relationship on the foundations of gospel.[4] 

Reflect: “I think I hear you saying…” This is a call to accuracy and clarity.  It stops us from assuming, from reading between the lines, from filtering what someone ways so we hear what we wanted to hear.  We can hear even the hardest things without getting upset if our first goal is to reflect: “I think I hear you saying that…”

1.       “… my faith is foolish, and Christianity is hogwash.”

2.       “…I am aloof and stand-offish when I interact with people.”

3.       “…Christians hate the sin and the sinner.”

4.       “…bacon is not tasty.”[5]

 Validate:  I mean this like validating a parking lot ticket: you give a stamp that proves you were present with that person. This can happen in a number of ways. ‘I hear you… I think I understand… Based on what you have said, I can understand why you feel that way... It sounds like you have been through a lot.”  Validating for someone that they have been heard is not the same as approving or agreeing with everything they have told you. It’s simply an acknowledgment that they have been heard, you have attempted to understand, and maybe even that their response makes sense in that circumstance/ time/place – which is still different from applauding it.  “Considering your experiences…”

1.       “…I can see why it would be easy to think that about Christianity.”

2.       “… I can see why I appear that way at times.”

3.       “… No wonder you feel like it’s not possible to separate sin from the sinner.”

4.       “… your taste buds appear to have been terribly compromised.”

 Explore: “I have some follow up questions.”

1.     “What do you think about Jesus himself? What is it you find compelling about the life you have chosen?  Are you telling me this because you just want me to know, or you want me to engage with you?

2.     “What specifically can I do to make sure I don’t come across that way?”

3.     “When you read about Jesus, does he seem to balance these things, or does he seem hateful too? Do you think I hate sinners?  

4.     “Did a pig bite you at one time? Were you frightened by Porky Pig?”

 Engage:

No matter what approach is needed, our desire for those around ought to be that every conversation is characterized by speaking and learning God’s truth, and displaying God’s grace through our words and actions.   

1.  “I think there is another way of looking at faith that is more accurate and healthy than the picture you were given.”

2.  “I appreciate you giving me your honest assessment. I will see if I can get some feedback from others as well.” 

3. “I have found that people love me even when they don’t love everything about me. That’s what Jesus did for me. I try to pass that on.”

4. “Have you tried bacon with bacon? Because they go together well.”

 The journey might look different in each relationship, but the goal is the same.  We are praying for the wisdom to be as humble as we should be,[6] bold as we need to be, as kind as we can be for the sake of moving together further and higher into the Kingdom of God. 

What we are praying for is the ability to MATCH OUR MISSION TO THE MOMENT. When I was coaching, I learned that different people respond to different kinds of motivation (shocking insight, I know). Some players flourished when I encouraged them out of failure (big hug during a time out); others flourished when I got in their face (big hug after the game). 

With God’s help, knowing  others will help us to know when to do and say what. Parents, you know how it is with kids. They are different. One kid didn’t respond until you were all up in their business; the other one melted down when you looked a little but unhappy. The longer we know our spouse, the better (hopefully) we get at when to do and say what. There is an art to matching our engagement to the person. 

This is one reason we are focusing right now as a church on creating ways to just spend time together, from small groups to affinity groups to potlucks.  If we are present and invested in people in the moment, we build a track record of knowledge and experience that God uses to prepare us for the deep moments of relationship. 

The Holy Spirit inspires, of course; many of you have shared stories of this in Message+ over the years. God gives inspiration.  Here’s a both/and: the Holy Spirit also leads us into wisdom through practical experience and relationship.

All relationships are built in a context of experiences and people.  If we have taken the time to know the person, the place, the background, the culture, then as Christ moves us and the Holy Spirit gives us wisdom, we can most effectively match our messages (through word and deed) to moments. 

This helps us more fully model the incarnational love of Christ to our family, our church, our city. Because Christ entered our world, we enter into the world of others without compromise to represent Christ with care and confidence so the glory of His redemption is clear. 

I want to close with the broader context of the verses I quoted earlier from Philippians 2. You will see that the example of Jesus’ incarnation is situated right in the middle of a discussion on what modeling incarnation looks like in the church.  Since modeling incarnation was our focus this morning, it seems like a fitting close.

Philippians 2 If you find any comfort from being in the Anointed, if His love brings you some encouragement, if you experience true companionship with the Spirit, if His tenderness and mercy fill your heart; then, brothers and sisters, 2 here is one thing that would complete my joy:

Come together as one in mind and spirit and purpose, sharing in the same love. 3 Don’t let selfishness and prideful agendas take over. Embrace true humility, and lift your heads to extend love to others. 4 Get beyond yourselves and protecting your own interests; be sincere, and secure your neighbors’ interests first.5 In other words, adopt the mind-set of Jesus the Anointed. Live with His attitude in your hearts. Remember:

6 Though He was in the form of God, He chose not to cling to equality with God; 7 But He poured Himself out to fill a vessel brand new; a servant in form and a man indeed.
The very likeness of humanity, 8 He humbled Himself, obedient to death — a merciless death on the cross! 9 So God raised Him up to the highest place and gave Him the name above all. 10 So when His name is called, every knee will bow, in heaven, on earth, and below. 11 And every tongue will confess  “Jesus, the Anointed One, is Lord,”  to the glory of God our Father!

 12 So now, my beloved, obey as you have always done, not only when I am with you, but even more so when I can’t be. Continue to work out your salvation, with great fear and trembling.

•  labor; work it down to the end point, bring it to its right conclusion[7]’

• Carry to completion what is begun,”[8] or “carry into effect.”[9]

• “Watchful, loving, reverent consistency, for his Lord’s sake.”[10]

•  "Salvation" is "worked in" (Php 2:13; Eph 1:11) believers by the Spirit, who enables them through faith to be justified once for all; but it needs, as a progressive work, to be "worked out" by obedience, through the help of the same Spirit, unto perfection (2Pe 1:5-8).[11]

13 God is energizing you so that you will desire and do what always pleases Him.

14 Do all things without complaining or bickering with each other, 15 so you will be found innocent and blameless; you are God’s children called to live without a single stain on your reputations among this perverted and crooked generation. Shine like stars across the land. 16 Cling to the word of life so that on the day of judgment when the Anointed One returns I may have reason to rejoice, because it will be plain that I didn’t turn from His mission nor did I work in vain.

_______________________________________________________________________

[1] 1 Corinthians 12; Ephesians 3-4; Colossians 1

[2] “We are the body,” Paul says. We are a new and ongoing kind of incarnation – clearly different from Jesus (anyone here divine?) but nonetheless participatory in the representation of God on God’s behalf.

1)    [3] Why would we talk too much? Maybe…. 

·       Love? Because we love them, there is soooo much truth they need to hear. There are times, however, when great intentions can have misplaced application.

·       Nervousness?  We control the conversation or change to a more comfortable topic because we don’t want tension inside us or between us to escalate. (This can feel like peacemaking, when it’s peacekeeping). 

·       Narcissism?  We genuinely think anything we have to say is of utmost importance; “My speaking is a much better use of our time! Have you not heard my thoughts!!!”

·       Lack of Faith? Maybe there are times the Holy Spirit wants us to be quiet even though something is begging to be said. Do we trust that God can do work even if we don’t get all the words out in the timing we think we should?

[4]  I am assuming a conversation in which it is not overwhelmingly clear there is something terrible going on, btw. There is a time and place for OT prophet-style unleashing; Jesus himself had some blunt things to say in public to those who were ‘making disciples of hell.’[4]  That involves people Proverbs would call “Fools”. Those are not my focus today. We can talk about that more in Message+ if you wish.

[5] These are all reflections I have offered at some point. Even the bacon one.

[6] An honest look inside shows us that we are more broken than we feared, but God is more powerful than we imagined.  As we understand brokenness and then grace, we know who we are and it illuminates the goodness of God.  Grace, compassion, truth and humility flow from us as we desire for others to see Christ as we have seen him. 

[7] HELPS Word Studies

[8] Ellicott’s Commentary For English Readers

[9] Expositor’s Greek Testament

[10] Cambridge Bible For Schools And Colleges

[11] Jameison-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

The Day After Christmas: The Story Of The Christmas Dragon (Revelation 12: 1-6, 13-17)

A great sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet and a crown of twelve stars[1] on her head.  She was pregnant and cried out in pain as she was about to give birth. Then another sign appeared in heaven: an enormous red dragon[2] with seven heads and ten horns and seven crowns[3] on its heads. Its tail swept a third of the stars out of the sky and flung them to the earth.  

The dragon stood in front of the woman who was about to give birth, so that it might devour her child the moment he was born. She gave birth to a son, a male child, who “will rule all the nations with an iron scepter.”[4] And her child was snatched up to God and to his throne. The woman fled into the wilderness to a place prepared for her by God, where she might be taken care of for 1,260 days[5]… 

The dragon pursued the woman who had given birth to the male child. The woman was given the two wings of a great eagle,[6] so that she might fly to the place prepared for her in the wilderness, where she would be taken care of for a time, times and half a time,[7] out of the serpent’s reach. Then from his mouth the serpent spewed water like a river, to overtake the woman and sweep her away with the torrent.  

 But the earth helped the woman by opening its mouth and swallowing the river that the dragon had spewed out of his mouth.[8] Then the dragon was enraged at the woman[9] and went off to wage war against the rest of her offspring—those who keep God’s commands and hold fast their testimony about Jesus. (Revelation 12: 1-6, 13-17)

Did you know that was a Christmas story? Here’s what part of it looks like in Matthew’s Gospel.

When [the Wise Men] had gone, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream. “Get up,” he said, “take the child and his mother and escape to Egypt. Stay there until I tell you, for Herod is going to search for the child to kill him.” So he got up, took the child and his mother during the night and left for Egypt, where he stayed until the death of Herod. And so was fulfilled what the Lord had said through the prophet: “Out of Egypt I called my son.” 

When Herod realized that he had been outwitted by the Magi, he was furious, and he gave orders to kill all the boys in Bethlehem and its vicinity who were two years old and under, in accordance with the time he had learned from the Magi. Then what was said through the prophet Jeremiah was fulfilled: “A voice is heard in Ramah, weeping and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children and refusing to be comforted, because they are no more.”  (Matthew 2: 13-18)

What happens after Christmas? “The dragon will wage war against those who keep God’s commands and hold fast their testimony about Jesus.” I think John intended his audience to understand Rome/Herod/Caesar as the dragon. It would make sense considering how biblical writers used the image of Babylon.

• Babylon, the actual city, become an image of all great cities and empires whose love of pleasure, indulgence, and excess wreaks havoc among God’s people. In Revelation, she is represented as a prostitute seducing the people of God.

• Rome, the actual city, represents the power empires used to undermine and attack God’s people. 

 We can be attacked by both; we can fall in love with both. Revelation’s ‘prostitute’ (Babylon’s pleasure) and ‘dragon’ (Rome’s power) have made war with us for 2,000 years.

I think John was reminding God’s people that what the old map-makers wrote was right: “Here there be dragons.” Except now it’s everywhere. Isn’t Revelation the first version of Huxley’s Brave New World (Babylon) and Orwell’s 1984 (Rome)? In the United States, I think we get to battle both: the spiritual war we face in a culture infatuated by both pleasure and power.[10] But that’s another sermon….  

* * * * *

We've already talked about life in between the two Advents, the birth of Christ in the return of Christ. We've already talked about how while Advent begins in the darkness it ends in the light. We have the hope of Jesus behind us and in front of us. There is a stabilization in our lives because of this. The Advent focus on peace, hope, love, and joy all depend on the reality of the life, death, resurrection and future return of Jesus.

That foundation is in place.

But we see how life unfolds between the two advents right away in scripture. After Jesus is born, Mary and Joseph have to flee with him to a foreign land, a land that represented a history of bondage and slavery to the people of Israel. They live separated from family and perhaps livelihood for months, perhaps years. In the area from which they fled, Herod promptly slaughtered children.[11]

The dragon was unleashed. Just like that, the darkness begins to push in to the light. As John made clear in his apocalypse, that war would continue. Indeed, it has, in great and small ways. The dragon hates the light of truth, love, goodness, hope, joy, peace…. When life feels ‘kingdom good,’ expect pushback. Expect war. It’s after Advent begins and the gymnatorium gets decorated and peace on earth starts for feel tangible after a hard year that a fire forces us to pivot yet again in a year with an exhausting number of pivots. 

It's often after great moments of God's revelatory light that the darkness pushes in hard.[12]

I’ve not been persecuted in any meaningful sense of the world, so I don’t want to compare my experience with that of the persecuted church around the world. When I talk about the dragon in my life, I’m talking of the ways in which spiritual/emotional/relational darkness presses in to spiritual light. I don't know if you've experienced this in your life, but I've often found moments of great depression after times of great satisfaction.  

• I go teach in Costa Rica, and it's a profound experience, and I come home and I wrestle with physical and emotional health.  

•  It's the sermon that feels really good followed by a Monday of doubt and anxiety and second-guessing. 

•  It's the fantastic vacation with my wife, and two weeks later feeling like there is a relational chasm between us. 

•  It's feeling really good about my fathering one day, and then having the wheels come off the next.

• It's thinking one day how much I love the people in my life and the next day having my heart torn out by one of them. 

• It's having a much better financial year at church than I would have anticipated because of Covid, only to realize we have to cut budget for next year because we lost momentum in the latter half of the year.  

• It’s going from a moment where I think, “I am finally grounding my identity in Christ” to days of thinking, “Dear God, I am such a screw-up.” 

• Sheila and I both had bad experiences with dreams this past week. We went to sleep after a meaninful evening at home, and woke up from inexplicable chaos in a way that darkens and disorders our day. I told Sheila, “I think the dragon is making war.”

This is the pattern.[13]

But how does it end? With the resurrection and life. How will history end? With the return of the king to make a New Heaven and New Earth. What happens when my life ends? Joy unspeakable and full of glory.

So we know the beginning, we know the middle, and we know the end of the story. We're just in the middle right now. The light shines, the dark pushes in, the light shines, the dark pushes in. This is life between the advents.

This, too, is an apocalypse of sorts, an unveiling that the Bible makes clear to us and that is confirmed throughout our life. We think of the apocalypse as something earth-shattering and perhaps catastrophic, but in some ways it's the ongoing pattern of our life. Truth is constantly being unveiled to us by the grace of God. We see through a glass darkly on this side of heaven (1 Corinthians 123:12), so there is a constant need for an unveiling.

·      It's when we finally understand that obscure passage of scripture. 

·      It's when we finally see how a biblical truth applies to our life in a life-changing way. 

·      It's when we begin to actually understand the power of repentance, and grace, and justice, and mercy.

·      It's when the biblical interplay of both grace and works clicks. 

·      it's when we see the flow of our life in the reality of God's plan. 

·      It's when one our Christian brothers or sisters speaks truth into our life that opens our eyes. 

·      It's when we see ourselves as God sees us. 

·      It's when we learn how to lift up our heads (Psalm 27:6; 3:3; Luke 21:28)

·      It's when we understand how God in his mercy and power could take people like us and tell us to arise and reflect his light  (Isaiah 60:1) in a way that will bring glory to him. 

These, too, are unveilings. We participate in an ongoing apocalypse. So one of the questions I have between the two advents of God is this: “How do these dark valleys work in our favor? How does God take the war leveled by the dragon and use it for our good and God’s glory?” 

Apocalyptic literature in scripture was always literature of Hope. How does my life participate in that kind of story?

Think back to what we've read the last two weeks from the prophets in the Old Testament. What was the key to living in the light? It was repentance. 

Those who walked in darkness had often walked in the darkness of their own making. In fact, the Bible has far less to say about the attacks from the dragons “out there” than the ones that have burrowed into our hearts. We tend to think of dragons like Smaug in The Hobbit: huge, overwhelming, flying over out towns or churches and just breathing fire, and so we pick up weapons and fight the dragon that came from over there, on that mountain. Let’s go take that mountain! That feels like a noble quest, right? It fits with the image in Revelation nicely.

To be sure, the dragon will make war against the saints in a very public way, no doubt. There are Smaugs that fly over our spiritual Laketowns. The church for 2,000 can give testimony to persecution and martyrdom. In those situations, we are told to be strong. The story ends in glory for the people of God, even if we wade there through blood.

But that’s only part of the story. God’s people in the Old Testament didn't get taken into exile in Babylon and bondage in Rome because Babylon and Rome were overwhelmingly strong. Israel had Yahweh. If Yahweh was for them, who could take them? 

God’s people ended up there because they trashed their covenant with God and reaped the consequences of what they sowed – consequences God had made clear. And if Old Covenant physical realities are meant to teach us truths about New Covenant spiritual realities – and I think they are – I find myself with this conclusion: Our greatest threats as Christians and as a Church are not out there. Diablo- the devil, the dragon - is in here too, ever since Eden. “The call is coming from inside the house!” 

There is no person, politician, law, educational system, Hollywood star, or organization that can make us give in to Babylon or Rome. There is no dragon that can force our hand or batter down our spiritual doors. The gates of hell cannot prevail against a holy church. But… we can embrace temptation.  

They may not be able to force my hand, but I can choose to lie in Babylon’s bed or sit on Rome’s throne. They can’t storm the gates of heaven, but I can begin to worship their power and influence and pleasure. The most thoroughly conquered people are not those who are too weak to plot resistance; it’s those who see no reason to resist.[14]

If you read through the Old Testament prophets, they don't pull any punches. God's people gave in, and they did not see their sin. They did not see the darkness as darkness, and they embraced it. 

“Arise, shine – absorb the light and shine in the darkness.” A crucial step to staying in the light of salvation in the Glorious kingdom of God is to repent. Since we started with a passage from Revelation, let’s look at where John goes with this. 

Then I heard another voice from heaven saying, “Come out of her, my people, lest you take part in her sins, lest you share in her plagues; for her sins are heaped high as heaven. (Revelation 18:4-5) 

God told his people through the Prophet Jeremiah that if they humbled themselves and sought the face of God, their nation would experience the blessings that God told them were in store for them if they were true and loyal to God. If they didn't (as Jeremiah warned so vividly), it wasn't going to end well for their nation at all. They were always going to be God’s covenant people, but their experience of that covenant, their experience of life, was going to be radically different based on the posture of their hearts. 

Their flourishing in the Kingdom God had planned for them had almost nothing to do with what the nations around them did. It had everything to do with how seriously they took the covenant. And if Old Testament physical realities teach us something about New Testament spiritual realities, our flourishing as Christian individuals and as a church will have almost nothing to do with what our Empire does to us or for us. It will have everything to do with how seriously we take our covenant. 

This, I think, is the way in which we experience life more abundant, the fullness of the richness of God’s redemption of the world in our lives. And that can’t help but make us the kind of salt and light in the world that God intends.

We want revival in ourselves and in our nation; we want holiness in ourselves and in our nation; we want a rejection of sin and a love of justice and mercy in ourselves and in our nation. We want the light of Christ and his gospel to push back the darkness of sin. Where does this start? In the church (1 Peter 4:17). Revival begins here.[15]

Cultures cannot become more holy if the church does not become more holy; churches cannot become more holy if we fail to repent of our sinful contribution to the brokenness of the world and beg first for forgiveness from God and those we have wronged, and then for God’s wisdom, love and strength to walk in righteousness.[16]

We are going to take time for repentance this morning. I’m going to pull from the list of sins that were undermining Timothy’s church because it’s fresh in our memory.[17] You don’t have to limit yourself to this, but if you follow these categories as far as the Holy Spirit takes them in reference to your life, I think you might be surprised how much territory this will cover. 

Areas of Repentance

1.  proud/boastful  “Boasting to anyone who is foolish enough to take him seriously! This kind of person claims many things he can't really do, so he must always keep moving on to new, naive listeners.”  (HELPS Word Studies).  Pray for the Holy Spirit to give you humility. God gives grace to the humble (1 Peter 5:5) “Who is wise and understanding among you? Let them show it by their good life, by deeds done in the humility that comes from wisdom.”  (James 3:13) “Better to be lowly in spirit along with the oppressed than to share plunder with the proud.” (Proverbs 16:19) 

2.  arrogant/haughty  “Literally, ‘hyper shiny’. These are they who contemptuously look down on others beneath them, either in social position or wealth (the boasters), or perhaps in natural gifts (the proud).” (Ellicott’s Commentary)  Pray for Holy Spirit to help you “honor everyone” (1 Peter 2:17) “above yourselves” (Romans 12:10). “God has put the body [the church] together, giving greater honor to the parts that lacked it, so that there should be no division in the body, but that its parts should have equal concern for each other.” (1 Corinthians 12:24-25) “Don't do anything from selfish ambition or from a cheap desire to boast, but be humble toward one another, always considering others better than yourselves.” (Philippians 2:3) 

3.  abusive “Revilers/railers/blasphemers. Reverses spiritual and moral realities” by calling evil good, and good evil. (HELPS Word Studies) Pray for the Holy Spirit to give you gentleness and truth. “Be completely humble and gentle; be patient, bearing with one another in love.” (Ephesians 4:2)  “Let every word you speak be drenched with grace and tempered with truth and clarity. For then you will be prepared to give a respectful answer to anyone who asks about your faith. (Colossians 4:6)

4.  Treacherous; Traitors.—Or, betrayers… of their Christian brethren. It does not mean traitors to their king or country, but generally betrayers of the persons who trust in them, and of the cause of the trust committed to them; perhaps specially… of their brethren in times of persecution. (Pulpit Commentary) Pray for the Holy Spirit to give you loyalty. “Never let loyalty (steadfast love) and kindness leave you! Tie them around your neck as a reminder. Write them deep within your heart.” (Proverbs 3:3) “How good and pleasant it is when God’s people live together in unity!” (Psalm 133:1) “Be devoted to one another in love.” (Romans 12:10)

5.  Reckless - Better rendered “headstrong” in words, or thoughts, or actions. Rash. "Headstrong" rather denotes obstinacy which will not be influenced by wise advice… the person who acts from impulse, without considering consequences, or weighing principles. (Pulpit Commentary) Pray for the Holy Spirit to give you prudence and self-control. “Better a patient person than a warrior, one with self-control than one who takes a city.” (Proverbs 16:32) “Like a city whose walls are broken through is a person who lacks self-control.” (Proverbs 25:28) “The wisdom of the prudent is to give thought to their ways, but the folly of fools is deception.” (Proverbs 14:8)

6.   Self-important - Highminded.— blinded by or inflated by  pride. (See 1Timothy 3:6.) Pray for the Holy Spirit to give you humble self-awareness. "Let us examine our ways and test them, and let us return to the Lord." (Lamentations 3:40) "Anyone who listens to the word but does not do what it says is like someone who looks at his face in a mirror and, after looking at himself, goes away and immediately forgets what he looks like." (James 1:22-24)  “For by the grace given to me I say to everyone among you not to think of himself more highly than he ought to think, but to think with sober judgment, each according to the measure of faith that God has assigned.” (Romans 12:3)

7. Rebellious against parents [authority] ’Unwilling to be persuaded (by God), which shows itself in outward disobedience (outward spiritual rebellion).” (HELPS Word Studies)  Pray for the Holy Spirit to help us honor our parents/spiritual authorities. Pray for the ability to “add wealth” or “give weight” (biblical imagery) to godly voices in your life.  Paul planted and Apollos watered (1 Corinthians 3:6-7); we all need holy planters and waterers in our lives. Hebrews 5:12 says, "you need someone to teach you." Pray for those that ‘have weight’ in your life; they are in desperate need wisdom, grace and truth.

 8.   Ungrateful – “properly, without God's grace (favor) which results in unthankfulness (literally, "ungrace-full"). (HELPS Word Studies) Pray for the ability to respond to God’s grace by “presenting our bodies (lives) as a living sacrifice” as a “reasonable act of service” (Romans 12:1). Pray for the Holy Spirit to enable you to pass this grace on to others.

9.   Unholy - “A lack of reverence for what should be hallowed.” (HELPS WORD STUDIES) Pray for Holy Spirit to help you treat with reverence, or set apart as holy, all that should be hallowed. What are those things? God, clearly, and people (who are all image bearers (Genesis 1:26-27, 5:1-2); followers of Jesus are temples of the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 3 and 6). Now ask yourself, “Am I treating everything in God’s created world with appropriate  honor, with appropriate care and reverence?

10.  Without restraint  - “Incontinent.—Having no control over the passions or urges – emotions, words, appetites of all kinds.” (HELPS WORD STUDIES) Pray for the Holy Spirit to give you temperance and restraint, especially when it comes to moral and relational issues. Between the Holy Spirit, the guidelines of God’s Word, and the company of God’s people, there is no temptation to sin that we cannot bear (1 Corinthians 10:13)

11.   Savage (bestial) - Fierce.—Inhuman, savage, or merciless, harsh, cruel. They are both soft and hard, incontinently indulging themselves and inhuman to others, when they should be hardened to self-indulgence and soft toward others.” (Pulpit Commentary) Pray for the Holy Spirit to give you the ability to be hospitable (merciful), or “soft toward others.” God is described as “abounding in mercy.”  Jesus told people to learn what it means that God desires mercy more than sacrifices (Matthew 9:13).  Blessed are the meek and the peacemakers (Matthew 5). Greater love has no one more than laying down your life (John 15:13). Serve others sacrificially. Turn away wrath with a soft answer (Proverbs 15:1). Overcome evil with good (Romans 12:21). If someone strikes you or takes your cloak, don’t seek revenge (Luke 6:29). ‘Shame’ them with kindness (Romans 12:20). Give food and water to your enemy, and the Lord will reward you. (Proverbs 25:21-22)

12.  Haters of anything good - “Despisers of those that are good; that is, hostile to every good thought and work and person.”  (HELPS Word Studies) Pray for the ability to be lovers of good (good thoughts, actions and persons), the things that are true, honest, just, pure, lovely, and of good report (Philippians 4:8). Pray for the ability to not only dwell on them, but to celebrate them everywhere we see them.

 13.  “Uncaring, coldhearted; without natural affection.” “Careless and regardless of the welfare of those connected with them by ties of blood, like spouses, parents and children. Plato says, ‘A child loves his parents, and is loved by them;’ and so, according to St. Paul's judgment in 1 Timothy 5:8, were "worse than infidels."  (Pulpit Commentary) Pray for the Holy Spirit to give you the ability to love your spouses, parents, children and extended family. This may be a hard prayer. Remember: you are praying for a miracle, as supernatural gift from God. Also, pray for the wisdom to know what genuine love looks like in your situation. This may be a good one to pray in a small group of people who can offer wisdom. 

14.  Slanderers/false-accusers - the word is diabolos. People who a) have no regard for truth and b) like quarrels. Pray for the Holy Spirit to guide you into all truth (John 16:13), beginning with Scripture and extending into the rest of the world (Proverbs 23:23). Pray for the ability to know which ‘hills to die on,’ and which ones to give ground. Pray for the abilit to listen before you speak, and long for peace rather than thrive on conflict. 

15.  Despisers of covenant - Those unwilling to embrace bonds of treaty or covenant….one who will make no truce or treaty with his enemy.”  (Pulpit  Commentary)  Pray for the longing to enter into biblically covenanted relationships (spouses (Genesis 2), friends (1 Samuel 20), family (see #13), church (Hebrews 10). Pray for the strength and grace to endure. Pray for wisdom to know how to be faithfully present in the covenants in your life. 

THREE QUESTIONS

In what ares of your life do you need to repent?

To whom, besides God, do you need to repent?

What does it look like for you to move forward in a lifestyle of repentance?

_________________________________________________________________________________

[1] “The woman is commonly thought to represent Israel. The imagery is similar to the sun, moon, and 12 stars that bowed down to Joseph in his dream (Genesis 37:9–11). In Revelation 12:2 we see Isaiah’s prediction (Isaiah 66:7–8) of a woman (Israel) bringing forth a man child fulfilled.” (Halley’s Bible Handbook Notes). The 12 stars are the faithful remnent from the Tribes of Israel. “The prophets portrayed righteous Israel as the mother of the restored future remnant of Israel (Isa 26:18 – 19; 54:1; 66:7 – 10; Mic 4:9 – 10; 5:3), and also as the mother of the leader who embodied Israel’s restoration (Isa 9:6; cf. Mic 5:2 – 3).” (NIV Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible)  In this case, the mother of Jesus, Mary, arises from ‘mother’ Israel. 

[2] The dragon is commonly understood as the Roman empire.

[3] These symbols represents great power.

[4] This is Jesus, the Messiah. See Isaiah 7:14 and Psalm 2:7–9.

[5] “1,260 days. The time of spiritual protection corresponds to the time of persecution (see Revelation 11:2; and 13:5). (NIV Study Bible Notes)

[6] Exodus 19:4

[7] See Daniel 12:7. This is also 1,260 days. 

[8] Jesus is delivering them from bondage, just like Moses. Thus the borrowing of image from the Exodus. “A flood of water could represent any sufferings (Ps 32:6; Jer 47:2), including unjust opposition (Ps 18:3 – 4; 69:1 – 4,14 – 15; 124:2 – 5); serpents’ mouths represent slander in Ps 140:1 – 5. But God would be with his people through the waters (Isa 43:2).” (NIV Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible)

[9] “The victory that God has previously accomplished over Leviathan is the pattern for the woman’s triumph over the dragon.”  See Isaiah 51:9-10; Psalm 74:14; Job 41. (Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary)

[10] “If God is dead, somebody is going to have to take his place. It will be megalomania or erotomania, the drive for power or the drive for pleasure, the clenched fist or the phallus, Hitler or Hugh Hefner.” – Malcolm Muggeridge

[11] “Advent is the right time for the asking of hard questions. Advent comes to a climax, not only on Christmas Day but also in the massacre of the innocents by Herod. The church has historically observed the Feast of the Holy Innocents on December 27, a remarkable conjuncture that remembers a massacre of infants in the same season that we rejoice in the birth of Christ. The great theme of Advent is hope, but it is not tolerable to speak of hope unless we are willing to look squarely at the overwhelming presence of evil in our world.”  Fleming Rutledge

[12] It’s a pattern found in Scripture. 

·       After God calls light into the world in Genesis 1, in Genesis 3 the darkness moves in with serpents and sin. 

·       After God Saves Noah and his family, Noah falls into sin almost immediately. 

·       Joseph gets miraculously insightful dreams from God, and it turns him into an arrogant, boastful jerk. 

·       Moses meets God on the mountain, and yet his sin keeps him from entering the Promised Land. 

·       Israel gets the promised land and then ends up in Exile when it all falls apart.

·       Mary gives birth to the Messiah, but will eventually lose her husband and watch her son be crucified.

·       Paul’s account of what his life was like after a personal apocalypse of the Risen savior is characterized by persecution.

[13] It doesn't surprise God. He entered into a world in which he experienced life in this pattern. He was revealed in the light of God's glory, only to go to a wilderness to endure temptation. (Matthew 3-4) He entered Jerusalem to adoring crowds who would eventually kill him. (Matthew 21:1–11, Mark 11:1–11, Luke 19:28–44, and John 12:12–19).He surrounded himself with 12 disciples, only to have one of them betray him. (Luke 22)

[14] Me. I just put it like a quote so I could read it word-for-word J

·       [15] Isaiah 30:15 “This is what the Sovereign Lord, the Holy One of Israel, says: "In repentance and rest is your salvation, in quietness and trust is your strength, but you would have none of it.”

·       Psalm 139:23: “Search me o God and know my heart. Try me and know my thoughts. See if there be any wicked way in me, and Lead Me into life.” 

·       Acts 20:20-21 "I have declared to both Jews and Greeks that they must turn to God in repentance and have faith in our Lord Jesus."

·       1 John 1: 8 "If we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us." 

·       2 Peter 3:9 "The Lord is not slow to fulfill his promise as some count slowness, but is patient toward you, not wishing that any should perish, but that all should reach repentance." 

·       Acts 3:19 “Repent, then, and turn to God, so that your sins may be wiped out, that times of refreshing may come from the Lord.” 

·       Acts 2:38 “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.”

·       Matthew 3:8 “Produce fruit in keeping with repentance.”

·       Romans 2:4  “Or do you show contempt for the riches of his kindness, forbearance and patience, not realizing that God's kindness is intended to lead you to repentance?”

·       1 John 1:8-9  “If we claim to be without sin, we deceive ourselves and the truth is not in us. If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just and will forgive us our sins and purify us from all unrighteousness.”

·       Revelation 2:5  “Consider how far you have fallen! Repent and do the things you did at first. If you do not repent, I will come to you and remove your lampstand from its place.”

·       Proverbs 28:13  “Whoever conceals their sins does not prosper, but the one who confesses and renounces them finds mercy.”

·       Acts 26:20  “[They] declared first to those in Damascus, then in Jerusalem and throughout all the region of Judea, and also to the Gentiles, that they should repent and turn to God, performing deeds in keeping with their repentance.”

[16] What about Ninevah? Jonah told Ninevah that there was one particular thing God was going to judge them for: violence. They paid attention. There is every reason to believe the rest of life in Ninevah remained as pagan as ever. They did not become holy. What about Constantine’s embrace of Christianity for Rome? That, too, did not bring about holiness. It doesn’t appear much changed in daily Roman life except that Christians weren’t persecuted. And because Christians (understandably) were quite pleased not to be killed, they eventually began to support the nationalistic agenda of Roman to stay on Rome’s good side. And that, friends, is called syncretism.

[17] We went through in our 2 Timothy series in the three “Roots and Fruits” sermons.

Our Plan For Full Indoor Gatherings, October 4, 2020

As COVID stretches on, we - elders, leadership team, staff, and heads of different  ministries in consultation with members of this church and other area pastors - have to make decisions about having our entire corporate meeting experience indoors.

 Since the state gives more freedom to churches than many realize, I want to stress that this plan reflects our team’s plan for our congregation, a plan arrived at after much prayer and hours of conversation amongst ourselves, other church leaders, and many of you in this congregation, who have been both articulate and passionate is expressing a wide range of perspectives. We hear you. We are weighing a lot of things in the balance. 

One of our goals on Sunday Mornings is to provide a corporate service with an environment that feels accessible to as many in our church family as possible, so that as many as possible can have a time of corporate connection. It’s been a long six months; many are feeling the impact of the loss of in-person connection. To the extent that we can create an environment for one corporate hour that feels safe and accessible for those longing to be with other but are concerned about their or their family’s safety, we seek to do so. 

As with so many things in the past six months, our plans will certainly ‘pivot’ at some point. This plan is written in sand, not stone. We fully understand the frustrations associated with COVID-19: we are all feeling it deeply. The ‘groaning” of a fallen world in unmistakable ways.  

May our corporate gathering be an oasis of peace and hope for as many as possible, and may the “grace and peace” that the New Testament writers mention so often reign in our hearts and in our church. 

WEDNESDAY EVENING/SMALL GROUP

October 7 is the day we have scheduled for the start of Wednesday night stuff (AWANA, youth group). Small groups will start up that week as well. The building will be open from 6:15 to 8:00. If you have children in AWANA, we expect at least one parent or caregiver to be in the building during AWANA time. For both youth group and AWANA, we will be watching how TC Christian handles the expectations about social distancing and masks for school age kids. Meanwhile, we plan to have individual room air purifiers for the youth room and for the rooms where small groups meet in the building on Wednesday nights. 

Contact Dan Slater (dslater30@gmail.com) or Emily Slater (Emi.slater@gmail.com) for more info about youth group.

Contact Karl Meszaros (KMeszaros@borideabrasives.com) for more info about AWANA. 

Contact Kim Meszaros (kimberlymeszaros@gmail.com) if you will need nursery on a Wednesday evening.

Contact William Kreuger (returnedprodigal@gmail.com) if you are not already plugged into a small group and would like to be.

SUNDAY MORNING

 On this coming Sunday, October 4th, we move fully indoors.

·      We are planning to continue our one hour service as we have been doing, with no second hour classes at this point. 

·      Kids will go straight to Children’s Church in the Fellowship Hall with Karl when families arrive. Once again, we will be watching how TC Christian handles the expectations about social distancing and masks for school age kids.

·      If you need nursery, let us know. We have a hard time gauging who needs this to happen in order for them to be able to attend and experience church meaningfully. If you need nursery, contact Kim Meszaros. (kimberlymeszaros@gmail.com)

·      We are still strongly encouraging the use of masks when moving around and not being able to maintain ‘social distancing’, like you can when seated during the service. We really want to have a one hour block of time that is as accessible as possible to the broadest group of people. Especially before the service, when a lot of people are moving through shared spaces like the lobby, please be conscientious about this.

·      We will be singing at the end of the service instead of the beginning. NOTE: This means that, at 10:00, we start with announcements, then the message, then singing.

·      As singing is the activity that - of anything we do on a Sunday morning - raises concerns about the spread of aerosols that can hang in the air and build up the ‘viral load’, singing will at this point be shorter, lasting for 10-12 minutes. Masks will be required for those who sing. So if you remain in the gymnatorium for the music, our expectation is that you either sing with a mask or worship quietly. (There will be extra masks available for those who want or need them).

·      The lobby will have the music piped in, and you will be able to see the stage on the TV. The lobby will be a quiet worship space like what has been happening in the gym for the past six months. If you would rather not be in the gymnatorium during the singing, we will be providing some “bumper music” so you can move to the lobby for that time period.

Knowing there is a deep longing in many of you for a time of singing in which the mask is not a frustrating distraction, we are in the process of figuring out what it looks like to offer a time immediately after the service for those comfortable singing in a mask optional environment. We have some creative and determined minds at work :)

“To him who is able to keep you from stumbling and to present you before his glorious presence without fault and with great joy— To the only God our Savior, through Jesus Christ our Lord, glory, majesty, dominion, and power, before all time, and now, and to all the ages. Amen.” (Jude 1:24-25)

Hidden Reefs and Love Feasts (Jude 1:12-13; 1 Corinthians 11)

These are hidden reefs in your love feasts, while they feast with you without fear, serving only themselves. They are clouds without water, carried about by the winds; late autumn trees without fruit, twice dead, pulled up by the roots; raging waves of the sea, foaming up their own shame; wandering stars for whom is reserved the blackness of darkness forever.

You live in first century Rome. If you are rich, you know how to feast.[1]

“Popular but costly fare included pheasant, thrush (or other songbirds), raw oysters, lobster, shellfish, venison, wild boar, and peacock…elaborate recipes were invented…with expensive ingredients and elaborate, even dramatic, presentation. For example, in [a fictional story] from 54–68 A.D., one man serves his guests… pig stuffed with sausages, a hare decorated with wings to resemble Pegasus, and various foods arranged in the shape of the twelve signs of the zodiac.”[2]

Tableware was made of “silver, gold, bronze, or semi-precious stones (such as rock crystal, agate, and onyx).”[3] The best cups were engraved with images of Dionysis, god of revelry. One article calls these feasts “A Calculated Display Of Debauchery And Power.”[4] This was a time to wallow in your wealth. This was primarily reserved for men, though really important women could join. If you were poor, this was a world to which you did not have access. It was for the elite. 

“Outside the patrician mansions and saffron-flavored swimming pools, the plebeians lived in overcrowded tenements and ate frugally. Food inequality was as endemic to ancient Rome as it is to our world today, with hunger and hedonism coexisting through the empire… With a population of one million people, the city was hard to feed… We know of 19 food riots in ancient Rome, and there were surely other ones that haven't left a documentary record. During one such riot in the Forum in A.D. 51, caused by a prolonged drought, the Emperor Claudius had to flee for his life.[5]

 The poor appear to have eaten largely a grain or cereal diet, with millet showing up a lot (the rich called this ‘animal food’).[6] 

“The ancient Roman playwright Plautus (c. 254 – 184 B.C.E.) noted a common lament in the ancient world when he wrote that “wretched is the man who has to look for his food himself and has a hard time finding it, but more wretched is one who has a hard time looking for it and does not find anything. And most wretched is that one who does not have anything to eat when he wishes to.’””[7]

 Slaves fared worst of all. They…

“were fed by their masters and sometimes with little more consideration than that afforded to livestock. Some ruthlessly efficient masters even admonished owners to cut food rations for sick slaves and provided instructions on how to feed them according to the amount of work they were expected to do depending on the season, similar to draft animals.”[8]

Enter the church and the subversive presence of the gospel not just in individual lives but in structures and norms. The early church – which was full of slaves, widows and orphans -  began to have their own feasts. They called them “love feasts,” and in Greek, that “love” is a form of the word agape (agapai).

“[it] probably denotes a communal celebration in the church… [it is] the observance of the Lord's Supper (which elsewhere Paul can describe with terms like "coming together to eat,"  1 Cor 11:17-22 ), or… a fellowship meal that may have preceded or followed observance of the Lord's Supper.”[9]

It seems that, perhaps on a weekly basis or even more frequently, the church gathered together to take communion and share a meal, a feast. The wealthy in the church would throw the feast, and everyone, even the poorest of the poor, would get to celebrate. The idea was that the more affluent members of the church would share their abundance of food with the less fortunate. Women, children, and slaves joined in. Entire families feasted together. This was not a “calculated display of debauchery and power,” but of love, service and honor. They didn’t just gather in a common place; they have a common experience. Think of how the church was described in Acts 2:44-46:

“And all who believed were together and had all things in common. And they were selling their possessions and belongings and distributing the proceeds to all, as any had need. And day by day, attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they received their food with glad and generous hearts, praising God and having favor with all the people.”

It’s a great vision for community – “common unity” in Christ, and this sharing of good through both communion and meals or feasts was intended to be a really practical expression of it. We can see that the church had been learning this idea of community throughout the New Testament: In the passages teaching that all women should be veiled and no man should cover their head, it’s a leveling of the playing field by addressing cultural symbols that divided and judged people. This was going to have to be addressed in meals too. 

“Roman communal feasting not only united and classified participants by social rank, it also offered “dramatic confirmation of what we now recognize as a key element for interpreting any eating event—namely, that once we establish the time, place, and participants of any meal, nearly everything else about social relationships in a given society can be brought into sharper focus. Such is the power of food.”[10]

A Roman satirists named Marshall described the hierarchy of food/social status this way: 

“You take oysters fattened in the Lucrine lake; I cut my mouth sucking a mussel from its shell; you get mushrooms, I get swing fungi; you take a turbot (a flatfish delicacy), but I a brill. A golden turtledove with fattened rump fills you up; a magpie dead in its cage is set before me.”[11]

This should never happen in a church love feast. The feast in the church was intended to be a practical demonstration of unity, celebration, and common care that crossed all boundaries. This was meant to be a life-giving “agape”feast both socially and nutritionally, not an unhealthy or sinful indulgence of the appetites of the flesh in which the rich flaunted their luxury and the poor were reminded of theirs.

“In Corinth the agape seems to have been slightly modified by two Grecian customs. One of these customs was the…symposium; a banquet [much like] our modern picnic…the most generous way was for those best able to bring the most liberal amount, and then spread the whole on a common table... The second custom was the Grecian sacrificial feasts, in which an ample supply was furnishe and so moderately eaten that a rich remainder was left for the poor. While Paul remained at Corinth the best qualities of both these pagan customs were exhibited in the love-feasts of the Christians, with some Christian improvements.”[12]

When Paul left Corinth, it seems to have fallen apart. The rich indulged with gluttony and even drunkenness while the poor ate what the poor always ate. This has implications for physical health on both sides for sure, as well as emotional, relation and spiritual health. Paul calls out the Corinthian church in 1 Corinthians 11. 

Context first. In Chapter 9, Paul goes off about how he limits his freedoms and exercises self-discipline:

Though I am free and belong to no one, I have made myself a slave to everyone, to win as many as possible... I have become all things to all people so that by all possible means I might save some.  I do all this for the sake of the gospel, that I may share in its blessings…I strike a blow to my body and make it my slave so that after I have preached to others, I myself will not be disqualified for the prize.”

In Chapter 10 he talks about unity, and surrendering rights to what is beneficial and constructive for the glory of God: 

our ancestors…were all baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea… ate the same spiritual food and drank the same spiritual drink…drank from the spiritual rock that accompanied them (Christ)….Is not the cup… and the bread… participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one loaf, we, who are many, are one body, for we all share the one loaf… 

“I have the right to do anything,” you say—but not everything is beneficial. “I have the right to do anything”—but not everything is constructive. No one should seek their own good, but the good of others… So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.  Do not cause anyone to stumble, whether Jews, Greeks or the church of God— even as I try to please everyone in every way. For I am not seeking my own good but the good of many, so that they may be saved.

In Chapter 12, spiritual gifts must be surrendered and self-disciplined for the beneficial construction of the body, the church:

Just as a body, though one, has many parts, but all its many parts form one body, so it is with Christ.13 For we were all baptized by[ one Spirit so as to form one body… and we were all given the one Spirit to drink…. those parts of the body that seem to be weaker are indispensable, and the parts that we think are less honorable we treat with special honor…. God has put the body together, giving greater honor to the parts that lacked it,  so that there should be no division in the body, but that its parts should have equal concern for each other. If one part suffers, every part suffers with it; if one part is honored, every part rejoices with it.

Chapter 13, is the Love Chapter, and chapter 14 is all about not just doing things in spiritual practices to edify yourself, but to edify others. 

So, Chapter 11 falls right in the middle of this pattern. Also, remember the food riot that was so bad Claudius had to flee the city? This was written about that same time. 

In the following directives I have no praise for you, for your meetings do more harm than good. In the first place, I hear that when you come together as a church, there are divisions among you, and to some extent I believe it. No doubt there have to be differences among you to show which of you have God’s approval.  

 So then, when you come together, it is not the Lord’s Supper you eat, for when you are eating, some of you go ahead with your own private suppers. As a result, one person remains hungry and another gets drunk. Don’t you have homes to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God by humiliating those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you? Certainly not in this matter! 

(A meal – the Lord’s supper - meant to unite was highlighting things that divided them: in this case, wealth and food)

For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you: The Lord Jesus, on the night he was betrayed, took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, “This is my body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of me.” In the same way, after supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood; do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me.” For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes. 

(The Lord’s supper is about sacrifice and love.) 

So then, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner[13] (I think in this context[14] it means without a heart to sacrificially share and show love[15]) will be guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord (basically, making a mockery of Christ’s legacy). Everyone ought to examine themselves (their motivation; their hearts; their resources[16]) before they eat of the bread and drink from the cup. For those who eat and drink without discerning the body of Christ (without noticing the needs in the community of the church - they celebrate Christ’s body without seeing Christ’s ‘body’[17]) eat and drink judgment on themselves.[18] That is why many among you are weak and sick, and a number of you have fallen asleep.[19] 

A lot of ink has been spilled trying to figure out what verse 18 means. If  I may offer an ‘at minimum’ reading: “People are sick and dying in your church because you aren’t honoring the sacrificial nature of Christ’s sacrifice, and you have refused to sacrifice yourself for the benefit and construction of the body of Christ.”[20]

 But if we were more discerning with regard to ourselves, we would not come under such judgment. Nevertheless, when we are judged in this way by the Lord, we are being disciplined so that we will not be finally condemned with the world. So then, my brothers and sisters, when you gather to eat, you should all eat together.  (1 Corinthians 11:17-33)

* * * * *

Let’s back up and get the big picture.  

Even good things can become bad if our use or exercise of them shows we don’t ‘discern the body of Christ’ by seeing the people around us and stewarding what God has given us in a way that builds up the ‘body of Christ’ that is assembled in ‘common union.’ 

False teachers are not only wolves, they are lone wolves (even if they run in packs). Their followers are loners as well, seeing themselves as islands, responsible to no one but themselves. It’s as if freedom in Christ was freedom from any obligation outside themselves, when actually Christ frees us to see our obligations in light of the Kingdom and joyfully fulfill them for our good and God’s glory. 

So I’ve been thinking a lot about this for myself. How does ‘discerning the body of Christ’ shape how I view life together in the church?  

• An obvious example is money. And as I’ve been saying, I just love how I have seen so many generous hearts revealed in this congregation in the past few months. That’s “love feast” territory. Sheila and I have been talking more than ever about what it means for us to be more generous in times of concern rather than less generous, because we have this default tendency to want to circle the wagons or claim exclusive ownership of what actually belongs to God. It turns out God has given us family resources to bring to the common table at the family feast. 

• My time. When I have the luxury of lots of time, am I praying about how to “feast with others” in the midst of my plenty? This isn’t to suggest I shouldn’t carve out time for me and God for my health on multiple levels so that I can serve Him well, but am I praying for wisdom about how to share from my abundance with the body of Christ?

•  My talents, gift or skills. If I am good at something, do I only use that to profit myself (which is a necessary things for stewarding a household), or am I also using it for others as I am able? How do those around my benefit from the talents, gifts and skills I bring to the feast? You might think, “All I can do is this.” Unless it’s a sin that you are offering, there are no dishonorable parts. Bring it.

• My words, face to face or in a virtual world. While I am sharing a “love feast”, am I filling the space with truth and grace? Is my verbal fountain yielding fresh and bitter water, or am I drawing from the well that never runs dry? Am I filling the air with gossip, fear and bitterness, or with truth, hope, peace? 

Like Scott pointed out last week, the New Testament writers constantly warn about the creeping danger within the church. The wolves aren’t gate crashers; they have been invited to the feast, and now the church is in danger.
I don’t want to be that person. I want to discern myself and the body of Christ. I want the truth and love of Christ in me to be working in me and embodied through me as I pull up my chair. Because that’s the obvious opposite effect of what Jude and Paul are warning about. In NOT discerning the body of Christ is so bad, just think how good it is when we DO discern the body of Christ? If one path leads to sickness and death, the other path must lead to health and life, right?

Once again, within the warning is the hope. Envision church community characterized by genuine love feasts in the fullest sense of the word: constantly ‘discerning the body of Christ’ by seeing the people around us and stewarding what God has given us in a way that builds up the ‘body of Christ’ that is assembled in ‘common union.’

It’s a glimpse of heaven, an expression of Christ, a vision of Kingdom that points toward the goodness and glory of the God into whose likeness we are constantly being made. 

QUESTIONS

1.    What do you bring to the “love feast”?

2.    How have you experienced the “love feast” gone right or wrong in your church history? What was the result?

3.    How can others in the group pray for you in this area?

 ______________________________________________________________________________

[1] https://eyesofrome.com/blog/eyes-on-storytelling/feasting-roman-style

[2] https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/banq/hd_banq.htm

[3] https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/banq/hd_banq.htm

[4] https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/05/20/712772285/the-lavish-roman-banquet-a-calculated-display-of-debauchery-and-power

[5] https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/05/20/712772285/the-lavish-roman-banquet-a-calculated-display-of-debauchery-and-power

[6] https://www.livescience.com/27569-ancient-romans-ate-millet.html

[7] https://zapruderworld.org/volume-5/food-provisioning-and-social-control-in-ancient-rome/

[8] https://zapruderworld.org/volume-5/food-provisioning-and-social-control-in-ancient-rome/

[9] https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionaries/bakers-evangelical-dictionary/love-feast.html

[10] https://zapruderworld.org/volume-5/food-provisioning-and-social-control-in-ancient-rome/

[11] https://zapruderworld.org/volume-5/food-provisioning-and-social-control-in-ancient-rome/

[12] https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/whe/1-corinthians-11.html

 [13] “At all events, the unworthiness lies in a lack of living active faith in the atonement which has been achieved by the death of Christ; and this is the source of the various moral disqualifications by which the celebration of the Supper may be dishonored (Meyer Ed. 3). Among these we may mention a selfish, unloving conduct as one of the chief—such conduct as the rich at Corinth manifested towards the poor, and which exhibited a striking contrast with the love of Christ shown in the sacrifice of Himself for all, and set forth in the Holy Supper wherein the benefits of it are extended to every one.” – Lange’s Commentary

[14] “To eat or drink unworthily is in general to come to the Lord's table in a careless, irreverent spirit, without the intention or desire to commemorate the death of Christ as the sacrifice for our sins, and without the purpose of complying with the engagements which we thereby assume. The way in which the Corinthians ate unworthily was, that they treated the Lord's table as though it were their own; making no distinction between the Lord's supper and an ordinary meal; coming together to satisfy their hunger, and not to feed on the body and blood of Christ; and refusing to commune with their poorer brethren. This, though one, is not the only way in which men may eat and drink unworthily. All that is necessary to observe is, that the warning is directly against the careless and profane, and not against the timid and the doubting.” – Hodge’s Commentary

[15] “The context implies this refers to the disrupted unity of the church caused by the factious groups' arrogance and pride, but some have understood this to refer to the mandate for a proper spiritual attitude when observing the Lord's Supper (cf. Heb. 10:29).” – Bob Utely

[16] “In one sense all Christians are unworthy because they all have and continue to sin. In this context it refers specifically to the disunity and factious spirits of some in the church at Corinth (cf. II Cor. 13:5).” – Bob Utely

[17] "His body" seems not to refer to (1) the physical body of Jesus nor (2) the participants, but to the Church as a group (cf. 10:17; 12:12-13,27). Disunity is the problem. A spirit of superiority or class distinctions destroys the fellowship.” – Bob Utely

[18] “Paul is asserting in plain language that believers who violate the unity of the church may suffer temporal physical consequences, even death (cf. 3:17). This is directly connected to a lack of respect for the body of Christ, the church, the people of God (cf. Acts 5; I  Cor. 5:5; I Tim. 1:20).” – Bob Utely

[19] 'For he who eats and drinks, eats and drinks judgment to himself, if he discern not the body. For this reason many among you are weak and sickly, and not a few sleep.'

For all who come eating and drinking of the Lord's Supper, who do not discern in it His body, and His dying for them, and through it His uniting of them all in His body as one, drink judgment on themselves. Indeed that is why there is sickness among them, and quite a few have died ('sleep' is the Christian synonym for death). This would suggest something unusual which had happened, above the norm, which Paul saw as the chastening of God, for it was not seemingly a judgment that affected their eternal future. It had openly happened, and all were aware of it. It was not theoretical. And it was to be seen as a chastening of the whole church.

“'If he discern not the body.' In chapter 10 stress was laid on the fact that the bread was the representation of the body, and that that included both the body of the Lord Jesus and the body composed of His people as united with Himself. The bread represented His physical body, but it also represented His people made one with Him. Both have to be discerned as one for they are inseparable (Ephesians 2:15-16). Thus as we come to the Lord's Supper we must discern the Lord's body, that is, we must recognise that it proclaims His death for us and that we come as participators in His death and resurrection, and we must equally discern that we are all therefore one body in Christ sharing with Him in His death and resurrection.” – Peter Pett’s Commentary On The Bible

[20] “That there were disorders of the most reprehensible kind among these people at this sacred supper, the preceding verses sufficiently point out; and after such excesses, many might be weak and sickly among them, and many might sleep, i.e. die; for continual experience shows us that many fall victims to their own intemperance. How ever, acting as they did in this solemn and awful sacrament, they might have "provoked God to plague them with divers diseases and sundry kinds of death." (Adam Clarke)

“The “sleepers” had died in the Lord, or this term would not have been used of them; it does not appear that this visitation had singled out the profaners of the sacrament; the community is suffering, for widely-spread offence.”  (Expositors New Testament)

From The Great Physician To The Great Commission (Part 2)

The classic vampire claim is that they can’t come into your house until you let them.  Kept outside, they can do nothing. Left inside, they will drain your life.  Though Hollywood has turned most vampire stories into gory bloodbaths, this wasn’t always the case. Some of the earliest stories (such as Bram Stoker’s classic work) were deeply connected with Christianity, with the vampire as the figure of Satan or at least of sin. It was meant to shock the reader into recognizing the seriousness and horror of what sin does.

This doorway metaphor echoes biblical imagery. Right before Cain killed his brother, God reminded him that “sin crouches at the door; its desire is for you, and you must master it.” (Genesis 4:7) Sin is the ultimate vampire, the one that wants in to drain our souls.

These spiritual vampires that crouch at the door of my heart want me to be harsh in my home; they want me to love money and fame; they want me to ignore God; they want me to reject the guidelines of the Bible; they want me to overlook my friends and hate my enemies; they want me to objectify people and love things. They want me to shame the name of Jesus in my testimony.

Thanks to Jesus, the most it can do is crouch at the door of my life. But I still have my free will, and I can still choose to whom I open the door of my heart.  

This isn’t the only time the Bible uses this image: When John records in Revelation 3 that God says, “Behold, I stand at the door and knock,” he was talking to the church – the Christians - of Laodicea. They needed to continue to open the door of their heart.

I need Jesus as much after my salvation as I did before. That’s what I want to talk about today: how, after salvation, God has a plan in place for us to help us resist the ongoing temptation of the sin that so easily besets us (Hebrews 12:1).

After we visit our local hospital or doctor for a particular ailment, we learn about ‘after care’; that is, what we need to do so that what the doctor has made new will continue to flourish. This is called compliance:

“Accepting life-saving treatment.  The extent to which a person’s behavior coincides with medical advice. Adaptation or adherence to medical advice.”(d3jonline.tripod.com)

We can undermine our newfound health. In medical terms, this is called non-compliance.

• “A patient who does not follow the doctors' orders is called a non-compliant patient.” (from Wiki Answers)

• “We eat foods that kill us, we don't stick to our exercise regimens, and we don't follow our doctors' orders, even when we remember what they tell us. If you ask people whether it's smart to get a colonoscopy if the doctor says you need one, no one's going to say no… but no one wakes up and says, 'Yes, today is a good day for a colonoscopy.'"  (“Mind Your Body: Doctor’s Orders – Without Distress.” (www.psychologytoday.com)

Granted, some people have had bad experiences with doctors whose diagnosis or after care were deeply flawed. For the sake of this analogy, let's assume we are talking about a doctor who has given an accurate diagnosis and a true course of after care (we are moving toward our involvement with the Great Physician after all...gotta keep this analogy on track!)

 Non-compliance is a huge problem because obedience is hard!

Assume that the doctor gave a blueprint for ongoing health. For whatever reasons, we just have a hard time following even if the advice is spot on. “I’m not that sick…My doctor doesn’t understand…it’s so complicated…but fried food is the nectar of the gods.” So even though we were freed from whatever ailed us and are given new life, we can flounder when we could be flourishing. 

We do the same thing spiritually. “I’m not that sick… it’s so complicated…surely God wants me to be happy, and THIS makes me happy.” So even though we were freed from the sin that was killing us and were given new life, we can flounder when we could be flourishing. 

Why?

“Where do you think your fighting and endless conflict come from? Don’t you think that they originate in the constant pursuit of gratification that rages inside each of you like an uncontrolled militia? You crave something that you do not possess, so you murder to get it. You desire the things you cannot earn, so you sue others and fight for what you want. You do not have because you have chosen not to ask. And when you do ask, you still do not get what you want because your motives are all wrong—because you continually focus on self-indulgence. 

You are spiritual adulterers. Don’t you know that loving this corrupt world order is open aggression toward God? So anyone who aligns with this bogus world system is declaring war against the one true God. Do you think it is empty rhetoric when the Scriptures say, “The spirit that lives in us is addicted to envy and jealousy”? You may think that the situation is hopeless, but God gives us more grace when we turn away from our own interests. That’s why Scripture says, ‘God opposes the proud, but He pours out grace on the humble.’

So submit yourselves to the one true God and fight against the devil and his schemes. If you do, he will run away in failure. Come close to the one true God, and He will draw close to you. Wash your hands; you have dirtied them in sin. Cleanse your heart, because your mind is split down the middle, your love for God on one side and selfish pursuits on the other. (James 4:1-8)

There is a dance between what God does for us and what God asks us to do. David asked God to create a clean heart in him (Psalm 51:10); here, James tells people to cleanse their heart. We know that God helps us resist temptation (“Deliver us from the Evil One" – Matthew 6:13), yet we have to fight too (“God gives us more grace when we turn away from our own interests”).

There is a war of love that rages in our hearts. Proverbs tells us to guard it, because everything in our life flows from it (Proverbs 4:23). I read a book last year by James K.A. Smith entitled You Are What You Love. It was a deeply challenging book in many ways; here’s one snippet of what he had to say.

“To be human is to be animated and oriented by some vision of the good life, some picture of what we think counts as “flourishing.” And we want that. We crave it. We desire it. This is why our most fundamental mode of orientation to the world is love. We are oriented by our longings, directed by our desires.

We adopt ways of life that are indexed to such visions of the good life, not usually because we “think through” our options but rather because some picture captures our imagination. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, the author of The Little Prince, succinctly encapsulates the motive power of such allure: “If you want to build a ship,” he counsels, “don’t drum up people to collect wood and don’t assign them tasks and work, but rather teach them to long for the endless immensity of the sea.”

What if you are defined not by what you know but by what you desire? What if the center and seat of the human person is found not in the heady regions of the intellect but in the gut-level regions of the heart? It’s not just that I “know” or “believe” [in some end design to life]. More than that, I long for some end. I want something, and want it ultimately. It is my desires that define me. In short, you are what you love.”

What we do with what crouches or knocks at the door of our heart will depend a lot on who or what we love. How we experience the new life that God offers us through Jesus is going to be deeply influenced by how much we work with God in doing the hard work of re-ordering our loves. Since James talks about loving the world and loving ourselves, let’s contrast that to love for God.

LOVE OF SELF/WORLD                 LOVE FOR GOD

Pleasure                                                 Sacrifice

Rights                                                    Responsibilities

Individualism                                        Community

Hiddenness                                            Openness  

Choice                                                   Obedience

Rebellion                                               Submission

Eye for an Eye                                      Forgiveness

Self-sufficient                                       Asks for Help

Boasts in self                                         Boasts in Christ

Loves the Stage                                     Loves to Build It

Power                                                    Servanthood

Pride                                                      Humility

Indulgence                                             Self-control

Blame                                                    Ownership

Winning Arguments                              Winning people

Self-justification                                    Christ’s justification

Self-righteous judgment                        Compassionate love

Greedy                                                   Generous

Envious                                                  Content

Lustful                                                    Loving

Mocking                                                 Respectful

Angry                                                     Gentle

We know what we love by our thoughts, our daydreams, our fears, our time and energy, our money.  It’s what we think is part of the good life, so we order our lives around those things. We adopt a way of life that centers on its fulfillment.  And we get incredibly defensive when some calls us out, because it shakes us. We can’t imagine life without it.

Time for an honest self-check: In the following list, what do you love more – I don’t mean in your words, but in how our order your life? What do you long for? Which one do you think represents the good life? For which one of these have you adopted a way of life that centers around its fulfillment?

One thing that stands out to me: a life characterized by love of God looks very, very compelling. That’s why His yoke of obedience is easy, and his burden of sacrifice is light (Matthew 11:30). It’s hard, but it’s easy and light because it brings goodness and the life more abundant that Jesus promised (John 10:10).

So, how do we reorder our loves and experience the goodness of the Lord in the land of the living (Psalm 27:13)?

First, pray for God to do the work only God can do. He must create a new heart in you.

Second, repent of your disordered loves and commit your ways to Jesus. Walk in obedience.

Third, focus on Jesus. Read the gospels. Study the person and work of Jesus. Sing about Jesus. Pray in worship of Jesus. Commit yourself to living in the path of life that Jesus has laid out for us. That must include filling yourself with truth, which is can be found not just in Scripture but in teachings, books, podcasts, counseling, and mentoring.

When we hear those competing knocks on the doors of our heart, let’s let the right one in.  

[embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Btfz9qKXUIk[/embed]