I did not do an entire message on this passage, but you can read the passage and the footnotes that help to explain and contextualize what is happening as Jesus insistently stakes his claim to be the Messiah.
Now because Jesus was doing these things on the Sabbath, the Jewish leaders began persecuting him. So he told them, “My Father is working until now, and I too am working.” For this reason the Jewish leaders were trying even harder to kill him, because not only was he breaking the Sabbath, but he was also calling God his own Father, thus making himself equal with God.
So Jesus answered them, “I tell you the solemn truth, the Son can do nothing on his own initiative (and act independently of the Father). He can only do what he sees the Father doing, (such that I see the Father’s hand and purpose in every event in this world).[1]
For whatever the Father does, the Son does likewise. For the Father loves the Son and shows him everything he does, and will show him greater deeds than these, so that you will be amazed. For just as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, so also the Son gives life to whomever he wishes[2]. Furthermore, the Father does not judge anyone, but has assigned all judgment to the Son, so that all people will honor the Son just as they honor the Father.[3] The one who does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent him.[4]
“I tell you the solemn truth, the one who hears my message and believes the one who sent me has eternal life and will not be condemned, but has crossed over from from death (eternal separation from God) to life (eternal relationship with God)[5]. I tell you the solemn truth, a time is coming—and is now here—when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live. For just as the Father (was never created and was never given life by anyone else),[6] He has life in himself; thus he has granted the Son to have life in himself, and he has granted the Son authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man.
“Do not be amazed at this, because a time is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice and will come out—the ones who have done the (good deeds that follow salvation) [7] to the resurrection resulting in life, and the ones who have done what is evil to the resurrection resulting in condemnation. I can do nothing on my own initiative. Just as I hear, I judge, and my judgment is just, because I do not seek my own will, but the will of the one who sent me.[8]
“If I testify about myself, my testimony is not true.[9] There is another who testifies about me, and I know the testimony he testifies about me is true. You have sent to John, and he has testified to the truth. (I do not accept human testimony, but I say this so that you may be saved.) 35 He was a lamp that was burning and shining, and you wanted to rejoice greatly for a short time in his light.
“But I have a testimony greater than that from John. For the deeds that the Father has assigned me to complete—the deeds I am now doing—testify about me that the Father has sent me. And the Father who sent me has himself testified about me. You people have never heard his voice nor seen his form at any time, nor do you have his word residing in you, because you do not believe the one whom he sent. You study the scriptures thoroughly because you think in them you possess eternal life, and it is these same scriptures that testify about me, but you are not willing to come to me so that you may have life.
“I do not accept praise from people, but I know you, that you do not have the love of God within you. I have come in my Father’s name, and you do not accept me. If someone else comes in his own name, you will accept him. How can you believe, if you accept praise from one another and don’t seek the praise that comes from the only God?
“Do not suppose that I will accuse you before the Father. The one who accuses you is Moses, in whom you have placed your hope.[10] If you believed Moses, you would believe me, because he wrote about me. 47 But if you do not believe what Moses wrote, how will you believe my words?”
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[1] ESV Global Study Bible
[2] “Jesus’ statement that the Son also gives life to whom he will is another claim to deity. It shows that Jesus does what only God can do: raise the dead and give life. This “life” is both the new “life” now given to believers (v. 24; 11:25–26; 2 Cor. 5:17) and the resurrection of the body at Christ’s second coming (1 Cor. 15:42–57; 1 Thess. 4:13–18; see Dan. 12:2).” (ESV Global Study Bible)
[3] Jesus offers another proof of his deity, since only God renders final judgment.
[4] “The authority to judge on the last day entails the authority to give resurrection life (cf. the connection between vv. 26–27). judges. A prerogative of God alone (Gen 18:25; Matt 25:31–33; Acts 10:42; 17:31). One of the rights and responsibilities of the king, whether the king is God or someone in David’s line, is to judge impartially and perfectly (see, e.g., Ps 72; Isa 11).” (NIV Biblical Theology Study Bible)
[5] As explained in the Tony Evans Study Bible
[6] “Jewish sources in the wider Greek-speaking world held God to be the only one with life “of himself” (“uncreated,” “self-begotten,” etc.). As in some Greek writings, they described the supreme God as existing without any source outside himself.” (Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds)
[7] Believer’s Bible Commentary
[8] “The divine will is common to the three Persons of the Trinity—Father, Son, and Holy Spirit—for all fully share the same divine nature. When the Son is said to obey the Father, this refers to His human will, which Christ assumed at His Incarnation.” (Orthodox Study Bible)
[9] Moses wrote that the establishment of truth required 2-3 witnesses at minimum. “Jesus names several witnesses concerning himself: the Father (vv. 32, 37–38), John the Baptist (vv. 33–35), Jesus’ own works (v. 36), and the Scriptures (v. 39), especially Moses (vv. 45–47).” (NIV Biblical Theology Study Bible)
[10] “Various early Jewish texts present Moses as a continuing advocate or intercessor for Israel, as he had been in the Bible (Ex. 32:32; 34:9; Jer. 15:1). Some scholars argue that these Jewish leaders view Moses as an advocate, the way the Fourth Gospel presents the Spirit on behalf of believers (John 14:16, 26; 15:26; 16:7) and 1 John presents Jesus (1 John 2:1). If so, Jesus challenges such hopes, declaring that Moses will be their accuser (5:45).” (Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds of the New Testament)